1/15
00:00

I.4 Subtraction up to 10 with word problems

Loading questions...

What Is Subtraction?

Subtraction is when we take something away from a group and find out how many are left. It helps us understand what happens when we lose or remove items.

Example:
  • 5 toys on the floor. 2 are put away → 3 toys are still out.
  • 4 bananas in a bowl. 1 is eaten → 3 bananas remain.
Note

Use clear language like “take away,” “how many are left,” and “gone” to help children build subtraction understanding through familiar situations.

Learning Through Stories

Word problems teach subtraction by telling a short story. These stories connect math to real life, which helps young learners make sense of the numbers.

Example:
  • “There are 6 ducks in a pond. 3 swim away. How many are still there?” → 3
  • “You have 4 stickers. You give 2 to a friend. How many do you have now?” → 2
Note

Keep stories short and use everyday settings. Encourage children to act out problems with toys, drawings, or real objects.

Using Objects to Subtract

Children can learn subtraction by using real items like buttons, snacks, or crayons. Removing or hiding the items helps show what “taking away” looks like.

Example:
  • Put 7 blocks on the table. Take away 4 → Count what is left: 3.
  • Place 3 crackers. Eat 1 → 2 crackers remain.
Note

Use objects that are safe and fun. Let children touch and move the items themselves to help them see the change in quantity.

Drawing to Show Subtraction

Drawing helps children show subtraction on paper. They can cross out items in a picture to see how many are left.

Try This:
  • Draw 5 apples. Cross out 2 → 3 apples are left.
  • Draw 4 stars. Cross out 1 → 3 stars remain.
Note

Children can use crayons or stickers to make it fun. This method helps link pictures to subtraction actions.

Using Fingers to Subtract

Fingers are a natural tool for subtraction. Children can hold up a number of fingers and then fold some down to show how many are left.

Try This:
  • Hold up 5 fingers. Fold down 2 → 3 fingers stay up.
  • Show 4 fingers. Fold down 1 → 3 fingers remain.
Note

This supports counting and one-to-one matching. Say the numbers out loud while folding fingers down to reinforce learning.

Counting Backward

Counting backward means starting at a number and counting down. This helps children understand that subtraction moves us to a smaller number.

Try This:
  • Start at 6 and count back 2 → 5, 4 → 4.
  • Start at 3 and count back 1 → 2.
Note

Use a number line or count with fingers. Practice by counting out loud and pointing to each number in reverse.

Understanding Zero

Zero means there is nothing left. It shows that something is completely gone or that nothing was taken away at all.

Example:
  • 3 - 3 = 0 → All are gone.
  • 2 - 0 = 2 → Nothing was taken away.
Note

Use words like “none,” “nothing left,” or “all gone” to help explain what zero means in real life situations.

Building Subtraction Fluency

Fluency means being able to subtract easily and accurately. With regular practice, children begin to solve problems quickly and with confidence.

Practice Ideas:
  • “You have 5 grapes. You eat 2. How many are left?” → 3
  • “There are 4 frogs. 1 hops away. How many stay?” → 3
Note

Use subtraction games, story time, and real-life situations like snack time or clean-up to build strong math habits every day.