Word problems use short stories to describe adding or taking away objects. Students learn to listen for key words and actions that tell whether to combine amounts (addition) or remove amounts (subtraction).
Guide students to identify the action first—“put together” or “take away”—before deciding how to solve the problem.
Drawing pictures or using counters can help students see the problem. They can watch as objects are added or removed, then count the total or what is left.
Provide students with real objects or printed pictures to move around while solving the problem. This builds a strong connection between numbers and actions.
Counting forward is used for addition, and counting backward is used for subtraction. This skill can be practiced using fingers, a number line, or physical steps.
Use a large class number line for students to physically hop forward or backward, reinforcing the idea of moving up or down in numbers.
The missing number in a problem can be at the start, in the middle, or at the end. Being able to figure it out helps students solve a variety of problem types.
Have students read the equation aloud in their own words to better understand what is being asked.
Students should check their answer by placing it back into the problem to see if it works. This builds accuracy and reinforces understanding of number relationships.
Model re-reading the problem and checking with the original numbers to confirm the solution.
Students can better understand addition and subtraction by relating problems to familiar situations like sharing snacks, playing games, or helping at home.
Ask students to create their own word problems from real-life experiences. This makes learning math more meaningful and fun.