Multiplication is a way to find the total when you have equal groups of the same size. It tells how many items there are in all.
Think of multiplication as repeated addition. For example, 4 × 3 means 4 + 4 + 4.
When you multiply a whole number by a 1-digit number, you are finding how many equal groups there are in total. Each digit of the larger number is multiplied by the 1-digit number, starting from the ones place.
Always multiply from right to left, and remember to carry any extra value to the next place value column.
Place value helps you understand the value of each digit in a number. When you multiply, each digit’s value matters because it shows how many ones, tens, or hundreds you are multiplying.
Carrying over means moving extra value to the next place. This keeps the digits in the correct place value order.
Estimation helps you check if your answer makes sense. Round one or both numbers to the nearest ten or hundred before multiplying.
If your exact answer is close to your estimate, your multiplication is probably correct.
Multiplication helps solve real-world problems that involve equal groups, arrays, or repeated addition. Read carefully to understand what the question is asking.
When solving word problems, look for clues like “each,” “every,” or “in all.” These words often mean multiplication is needed.