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LL.1 Identify parallel sides in quadrilaterals

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What are parallel sides?

Parallel sides are two sides of a shape that run in the same direction and never cross, no matter how far you extend them.

Examples:
  • In a rectangle, both pairs of opposite sides are parallel.
  • In a square, both pairs of opposite sides are parallel.
  • In a trapezoid, only one pair of opposite sides is parallel.
Note

Think of railroad tracks: they are parallel because they stay the same distance apart and never meet.

How to identify parallel sides

To identify parallel sides, look for sides that are the same distance apart and do not touch, even if you imagine extending them forever.

Steps:
  • Look at a quadrilateral (a four-sided shape).
  • Check if any pair of opposite sides run in the same direction.
  • If the sides never meet, they are parallel.
Note

Use a ruler or the edge of paper to help you check if lines go in the same direction without crossing.

Quadrilaterals with parallel sides

Different quadrilaterals can have no parallel sides, one pair, or two pairs of parallel sides.

Examples:
  • Parallelogram: Two pairs of parallel sides
  • Rectangle: Two pairs of parallel sides
  • Square: Two pairs of parallel sides
  • Trapezoid: One pair of parallel sides
  • Kite: No parallel sides
Note

Knowing which quadrilaterals have parallel sides helps you classify and understand their properties.

Using parallel sides in geometry

Recognizing parallel sides helps you solve problems about shapes, such as finding area, perimeter, and classifying quadrilaterals.

Examples:
  • A square has 2 pairs of parallel sides, so it is also a parallelogram.
  • A trapezoid has 1 pair of parallel sides, which makes it different from a parallelogram.
  • Rectangles and parallelograms both have 2 pairs of parallel sides, but rectangles have right angles.
Note

Parallel sides are an important clue when naming and comparing quadrilaterals.