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I.1 Identify and understand story elements

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What are story elements?

Story elements are the important parts that make up a story. They include the characters, setting, plot, conflict, and theme. Knowing these elements helps us better understand what we read.

Examples:
  • Characters: The people or animals in the story
  • Setting: Where and when the story takes place
  • Plot: The sequence of events
Note

Think of story elements as the building blocks of a story. Without them, a story would not make sense.

Characters in a story

Characters are the people, animals, or creatures that take part in the action of a story. They can be main characters or supporting characters.

Examples:
  • In Charlotte’s Web, Wilbur the pig is a main character, and Charlotte the spider is another main character.
  • In a mystery story, the detective may be the main character, while friends or suspects are supporting characters.
Note

Main characters drive the story forward, while supporting characters help shape the events.

The setting of a story

Setting tells us when and where a story takes place. The setting helps us imagine the world of the story and understand the characters’ actions.

Examples:
  • A castle in the Middle Ages
  • A classroom in the present day
  • A spaceship in the future
Note

The setting can affect the mood of the story. For example, a dark forest feels very different from a sunny beach.

The plot of a story

Plot is the sequence of events in a story. It usually includes a beginning, middle, and end. The plot shows how the characters face problems and how those problems are solved.

Steps in a Plot:
  • Beginning: Introduces characters and setting
  • Middle: Shows the conflict or problem
  • End: Resolves the conflict and shows the outcome
Note

When you read, ask yourself: What is happening? How are the events connected? This will help you follow the plot.

Theme of a story

Theme is the main message or lesson the author wants you to learn from the story. It is not usually stated directly, but you can figure it out from the characters’ actions and the story’s outcome.

Examples:
  • Friendship can help us through hard times.
  • Bravery means doing the right thing even when it is difficult.
  • Honesty is always the best choice.
Note

The theme is often a life lesson. Ask yourself: What did the characters learn? What can I learn from this story?