Multiplying by 10 is a special pattern in math. When you multiply any whole number by 10, the product is that number followed by a zero.
Think of it as "adding a zero" to the number you are multiplying. It’s like moving the number one place value to the left on a place value chart.
This pattern works because our number system is based on tens. Multiplying by 10 increases the value of each digit by one place.
The pattern is consistent and reliable. Knowing this rule helps you solve these facts instantly.
You should memorize all multiplication facts where 10 is multiplied by numbers from 1 through 12. This builds fluency for more complex math.
Notice that 10 × 10 = 100 and beyond. For 11 and 12, the pattern continues: 10 × 11 is eleven tens, which is 110.
Once you know the basic facts, you can use them to solve word problems and understand larger multiplication concepts.
These facts are tools. When you see a number multiplied by 10, you can solve it quickly and focus on the rest of the problem.