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W.1 Multiplication and division facts up to 10

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What are multiplication and division facts?

Multiplication facts are the answers you get when you multiply two numbers together. Division facts are the answers when you divide one number by another.

Examples:
  • Multiplication fact: 3 × 4 = 12
  • Division fact: 12 ÷ 4 = 3
Note

Multiplication and division are related operations. They “undo” each other.

How are multiplication and division connected?

Multiplication and division are inverse operations. This means that one operation can reverse the other. Knowing a multiplication fact helps you solve a related division fact.

Examples:
  • 5 × 2 = 10 → 10 ÷ 5 = 2
  • 6 × 3 = 18 → 18 ÷ 6 = 3
Note

If you know one fact, you can find the other. This is why learning multiplication helps with division.

Multiplication facts up to 10

Multiplication facts up to 10 use numbers from 1 through 10. Learning these facts builds fluency and makes solving problems faster.

Examples:
  • 7 × 8 = 56
  • 9 × 6 = 54
  • 10 × 4 = 40
Note

Look for patterns. For example, multiplying by 10 always ends with a zero.

Division facts up to 10

Division facts up to 10 use numbers from 1 through 10 to divide larger numbers. Division shows how many groups or how many are in each group.

Examples:
  • 36 ÷ 6 = 6
  • 45 ÷ 9 = 5
  • 20 ÷ 4 = 5
Note

Division can be thought of as “sharing equally” or “grouping.”

Mixed operations with multiplication and division

Mixed operations mean using both multiplication and division in problems. To solve, use what you know about their relationship.

Examples:
  • 4 × 5 = 20 → 20 ÷ 4 = 5
  • 8 × 3 = 24 → 24 ÷ 8 = 3
  • 6 × 6 = 36 → 36 ÷ 6 = 6
Note

Think of multiplication and division as two sides of the same fact family. If you know one, you can figure out the others.

Using multiplication and division in real life

Multiplication and division facts help you solve everyday problems, such as finding totals or sharing items equally.

Examples:
  • “There are 4 bags with 6 apples each.” → 4 × 6 = 24 apples total
  • “There are 20 pencils shared by 5 students.” → 20 ÷ 5 = 4 pencils each
Note

Math facts are not just for school. They are tools you use in daily life.