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M.1 Identify addition sentences for equal groups

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What does it mean to multiply with equal groups?

Multiplication with equal groups means having the same number of items in each group and finding the total. It is a way to quickly add the same number many times.

Example:
  • 3 groups of 4 apples → 4 + 4 + 4 = 12
  • We can also write this as 3 × 4 = 12
Note

Multiplication is a faster way to add equal groups. Think of it as repeated addition.

How to identify related addition for equal groups

To identify related addition, look for a situation where the same number is being added again and again. Each number added is the size of one group.

Steps:
  • Find how many groups there are.
  • Find how many items are in each group.
  • Write an addition sentence to show the total.
  • Connect the addition sentence to the multiplication equation.
Note

Repeated addition and multiplication describe the same situation in different ways.

Examples of related addition and multiplication

Here are some examples showing how addition sentences match multiplication sentences.

Examples:
  • 2 groups of 5 → 5 + 5 = 10 → 2 × 5 = 10
  • 4 groups of 3 → 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 12 → 4 × 3 = 12
  • 6 groups of 2 → 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 12 → 6 × 2 = 12
Note

The first number in multiplication (2 × 5) tells how many groups, and the second number tells how many are in each group.

Using equal groups in real life

Equal groups are found in everyday situations, like sharing snacks or arranging chairs. Recognizing equal groups helps you understand multiplication in real life.

Examples:
  • 3 baskets with 6 oranges each → 6 + 6 + 6 = 18 → 3 × 6 = 18
  • 5 boxes with 2 pencils each → 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 10 → 5 × 2 = 10
Note

Always check: Are the groups equal? If the groups are not equal, you cannot use multiplication.

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