1/15
00:00

V.2 Division word problems with equal groups and arrays

Loading questions...

Understanding division in word problems

Division is splitting a total number of items into equal groups or arranging them into equal rows in an array. It helps us answer questions about "how many in each group" or "how many groups."

Example:
  • Rita has 15 markers. She puts 3 markers in each box. How many boxes does she fill?
    This problem asks: "How many groups of 3 are in 15?"
Note

When you see words like "share equally," "put into each," "divided among," or "split between," you are likely solving a division problem.

Solving with equal groups

An equal groups problem involves dividing a total into several groups that each have the same number of items. You can find either the number of groups or the size of each group.

Examples:
  • Finding how many in each group: 18 pencils are shared equally by 6 students. How many pencils does each student get?
    We divide 18 ÷ 6 = 3 pencils each.
  • Finding how many groups: A baker has 20 muffins. She packs 4 muffins in a bag. How many bags can she make?
    We divide 20 ÷ 4 = 5 bags.
Note

Identify what the problem is asking for. "How many bags?" means find the number of groups. "How many for each person?" means find the size of each group.

Solving with arrays

An array is an arrangement of objects into rows and columns where each row has the same number of items. Division can find either the number of rows or the number of columns.

Examples:
  • Peter sets up 24 chairs in rows. He puts 8 chairs in each row. How many rows are there?
    Think: 24 total chairs, 8 chairs per row. 24 ÷ 8 = 3 rows.
  • A farmer plants 27 corn seeds in 3 equal rows. How many seeds are in each row?
    Think: 27 total seeds divided into 3 rows. 27 ÷ 3 = 9 seeds per row.
Note

An array is a visual model for division. The total number is the product of the rows and columns. If you know the total and one dimension, you can divide to find the other.

Choosing the correct operation

To solve a word problem, first identify the total, then determine if you are looking for the number of groups or the number in each group. This tells you which division equation to write.

Strategy:
  • Step 1: Find the total number of items.
  • Step 2: Find the size of each group OR the number of groups.
  • Step 3: Write the division equation: Total ÷ (Group Size or Number of Groups) = The unknown.
  • Step 4: Solve and label your answer with the correct unit (like "bags," "rows," or "marbles each").
Note

Always check if your answer makes sense. If you find the number in each group, multiply it back by the number of groups. You should get the total you started with.

Checking your work

You can check a division answer by using the inverse operation, multiplication. This confirms that you split the total correctly.

Example:
  • Problem: 28 stickers divided equally among 7 pages. How many stickers on each page?
    Solve: 28 ÷ 7 = 4 stickers per page.
    Check: 4 stickers/page × 7 pages = 28 stickers. ✓ The answer is correct.
Note

Multiplication and division are related. If a ÷ b = c, then b × c must equal a. This is a reliable way to verify your solution.