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GG.1 Attributes of polygons

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What are polygons?

Polygons are closed, flat shapes made of straight lines. They have sides (line segments) and corners, which are called vertices.

Examples:
  • Triangle (3 sides, 3 vertices)
  • Square (4 sides, 4 vertices, all sides equal)
  • Pentagon (5 sides, 5 vertices)
Note

Shapes with curved sides, like circles or ovals, are not polygons.

How to identify polygons

To decide if a shape is a polygon, ask yourself these questions:

Steps:
  • Does the shape have only straight sides?
  • Are the sides connected to form a closed shape?
  • Does it have at least 3 sides?
Note

If the answer to all of these is β€œyes,” then the shape is a polygon.

Attributes of polygons

Each polygon has special attributes, or features, that help us describe and compare them.

Attributes to look for:
  • Sides: How many straight edges does the shape have?
  • Vertices: How many corners are there?
  • Angles: Are the angles right angles (like in a square) or not?
  • Length of sides: Are the sides all equal, or are some longer?
Note

Polygons can be regular (all sides and angles the same) or irregular (sides and angles not all the same).

Examples of polygons in everyday life

Polygons are everywhere around us. Looking at real objects helps us understand their attributes better.

Examples:
  • A stop sign is shaped like an octagon (8 sides).
  • A slice of pizza is shaped like a triangle.
  • A window might be shaped like a square or rectangle.
Note

When you notice polygons in real life, try counting their sides and vertices to practice.