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FF.1 Form and identify compound words

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What are compound words?

Compound words are made when two smaller words are joined together to form a new word with a new meaning.

Examples:
  • sun + flower β†’ sunflower
  • rain + bow β†’ rainbow
  • tooth + brush β†’ toothbrush
Note

Think of a compound word as two puzzle pieces that fit together to make a bigger word.

Types of compound words

Compound words can be written in different ways: closed, open, or hyphenated.

Examples:
  • Closed: cupcake, football, homework
  • Open: ice cream, post office, high school
  • Hyphenated: mother-in-law, well-known, twenty-one
Note

Most compound words in everyday use are closed or open, but hyphenated words are also common.

How do compound words change meaning?

When two words are joined to form a compound word, the meaning changes from the original single words.

Examples:
  • snow + man β†’ snowman (a figure made of snow)
  • basket + ball β†’ basketball (a sport)
  • dog + house β†’ doghouse (a small house for a dog)
Note

The meaning of a compound word is usually different from just adding the meanings of the two separate words.

Breaking apart compound words

You can often figure out the meaning of a compound word by breaking it into its two smaller words.

Examples:
  • Mailbox β†’ mail + box = a box where mail is placed
  • Bedroom β†’ bed + room = a room where you sleep
  • Goldfish β†’ gold + fish = a small, golden-colored fish
Note

Looking at each part of a compound word helps you understand its meaning quickly.

Using compound words in sentences

Compound words are used in everyday writing and speaking. Practice reading and writing them in complete sentences.

Examples:
  • β€œI put the letter in the mailbox.”
  • β€œThe rainbow appeared after the storm.”
  • β€œWe played basketball at recess.”
Note

Try saying the compound word aloud. If it makes sense in the sentence, you are using it correctly.