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B.1 Identify syllables in words

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What are syllables?

A syllable is a single unit of sound in a word. Every syllable has a vowel sound (a, e, i, o, u, or sometimes y). Breaking words into syllables helps with reading, spelling, and pronunciation.

Examples:
  • cat β€” 1 syllable
  • ta/ble β€” 2 syllables
  • el/e/phant β€” 3 syllables
Note

Say the word slowly. Each time you hear a clear beat or vowel sound, that’s a syllable.

Clapping out syllables

Clapping, tapping, or snapping can help you hear syllables. Each clap matches one syllable in the word.

Examples:
  • Say: sun. Clap once β€” 1 syllable.
  • Say: rain/bow. Clap twice β€” 2 syllables.
  • Say: to/ma/to. Clap three times β€” 3 syllables.
Note

Use your hands, feet, or fingers to feel the rhythm of the word. Each beat is one syllable.

Syllable types

Words can be broken into different syllable types. Recognizing syllable types makes it easier to read longer words.

Examples:
  • Closed syllable: ends with a consonant β€” cat, nap/kin.
  • Open syllable: ends with a vowel β€” me, ti/ger.
  • Silent e syllable: ends with an e that is silent β€” cake, hope.
Note

Start by finding the vowels. Then look at what comes after the vowel to figure out the syllable type.

Dividing words into syllables

Breaking longer words into syllables helps with reading and spelling. You can use rules to decide where to split words.

Examples:
  • bas/ket β†’ split between consonants.
  • pa/per β†’ split after the open syllable.
  • pic/nic β†’ split between consonants.
Note

If a word has two consonants between vowels, divide between them. If there is one consonant, try dividing after the vowel.

Using syllables to read new words

When you see a long word, break it into syllables. Reading one part at a time makes it easier to understand and pronounce.

Examples:
  • un/hap/py β†’ three syllables, read step by step.
  • po/ta/to β†’ three syllables, read smoothly.
  • in/side β†’ two syllables, read together.
Note

Cover part of the word with your finger and read one syllable at a time. Then blend the syllables to say the whole word.