T.1 Match word problems to subtraction sentences - up to 20
What is subtraction?
Subtraction is a math operation that shows taking away or finding how many are left. It tells what happens when a group becomes smaller.
- There are 8 apples. 3 are eaten. How many apples are left?
- 8 − 3 = 5
Subtraction helps us solve real-life problems about taking away and comparing amounts.
Parts of a subtraction sentence
A subtraction sentence has three parts: the number you start with, the number you take away, and the answer.
- 10 − 4 = 6
- 10 is the starting number
- 4 is the number taken away
- 6 is the answer
The equal sign (=) means both sides have the same value.
Understanding subtraction word problems
Subtraction word problems use words to describe a situation where something is taken away or goes away.
- Maya has 12 stickers. She gives 5 stickers to a friend. How many stickers does Maya have now?
Look for words like gave away, lost, used, or left. These words often mean subtraction.
Matching word problems to subtraction sentences
To match a word problem to a subtraction sentence, decide which numbers are in the story and how many are taken away.
- There are 15 birds in a tree. 7 birds fly away.
- Matching subtraction sentence: 15 − 7 = 8
The order of numbers matters. Start with the total number first.
Checking your subtraction answer
You can check a subtraction answer by adding the answer to the number taken away.
- 12 − 5 = 7
- Check: 7 + 5 = 12
If the sum matches the starting number, the subtraction answer is correct.
Common Core alignment: CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.1.OA.A.1 – Use addition and subtraction within 20 to solve word problems.
Notes for teachers
This lesson aligns with CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.1.OA.A.1 and supports students in matching word problems to subtraction sentences within 20.
The content is suitable for whole-group instruction, guided practice, independent work, or homework.