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H.1 Complete the addition sentence to make 10

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Understanding Sums up to 10

When we add numbers, we are finding out how many we have in all. For first grade, we practice addition with numbers that add up to 10 or less.

Examples:
  • 5 + 4 = 9 means five and four together make nine.
  • 2 + 6 = 8 means two added to six equals eight.
  • 3 + 0 = 3 shows that adding zero keeps the number the same.
Helpful Hint

Always start by counting one group and then add on the other group to find the total, called the sum.

Completing the Addition Sentence to Make 10

Sometimes, we can finish an addition problem by finding the missing number that makes 10. This helps us solve problems quickly.

Examples:
  • 7 + ? = 10. Since 7 needs 3 more to make 10, the missing number is 3.
  • ? + 4 = 10. Think: “What plus 4 equals 10?” The answer is 6.
  • 2 + ? = 10. The missing number is 8.
Helpful Hint

Remember pairs of numbers that make 10: 1+9, 2+8, 3+7, 4+6, 5+5.

Using Objects to Show Addition

We can use real objects, drawings, or counters to help us see how numbers work together.

Examples:
  • Put 4 red cubes and 6 blue cubes together. Count them all: 4 + 6 = 10.
  • Draw 3 circles, then add 5 more. Count them: 3 + 5 = 8.
Helpful Hint

Try using items like buttons, coins, or blocks to make addition hands-on and easy to understand.

Adding on a Number Line

A number line helps us add by starting at one number and hopping forward to add the other number.

Examples:
  • Start at 6 on the number line. Move 2 steps forward. You land on 8. So, 6 + 2 = 8.
  • Start at 3. Move 7 steps forward. You land on 10. So, 3 + 7 = 10.
Helpful Hint

Always move to the right on the number line when adding, because the total gets bigger.

Addition in Everyday Life

Addition is something we use every day when we put groups together or find totals.

Real-Life Examples:
  • You have 3 toy cars and your friend gives you 2 more. Now you have 3 + 2 = 5 toy cars.
  • There are 6 birds on a tree. 4 more come. Now there are 6 + 4 = 10 birds.
  • You eat 5 strawberries in the morning and 3 in the afternoon. That’s 5 + 3 = 8 strawberries in all.
Try This

Look around your home or classroom. Group objects like pencils, books, or snacks and add them together to see the total.

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